Ad Hoc Networks Introduction :
*Wireless networks with all nodes wireless
*Do not need a static infrastructure
*Self Organizing: must configure themselves
*Multi-hop wireless: nodes route packets for others
*Mobility causes dynamic topology
Challenges of Ad Hoc Networks :
*Limited wireless transmission range
*Broadcast nature of the wireless medium
*Packet losses due to transmission errors
*Mobility-induced route changes
*Mobility-induced packet losses
*Battery constraints
*Potentially frequent network partitions
Approaches to Ad Hoc Networks :
*Table-driven routing (proactive)
-Try to maintain up-to-date info for all nodes
-Periodic route-update messages propagate to all nodes
+ Advantage: route to a destination is always available
+Disadvantage: high overhead; slow to converge
*On-demand routing (reactive)
-Source discovers a path to destination only when needed
-Path maintained until it breaks or is no longer necessary
+Advantage: less overhead due to “route-messages”
+Disadvantage: source must wait until route is discovered
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